Stress, epigenetic changes and later depression: early evidence remains unsettled
A review of animal and human research found possible molecular links after adolescent stress, but human studies did not identify a consistent pattern of epigenetic changes.
Based on the published abstract. The full paper may contain additional methods, results and limitations.
The 30-second takeaway
The review found early clues that epigenetic changes may help connect stressful experiences during adolescence with depression-related symptoms later in life. Rodent findings were more consistent than human findings, which did not converge on specific changes. The evidence does not yet establish a causal pathway or a validated marker for preventive screening.
The authors describe the evidence as sparse and heterogeneous. Because animal and human findings differ in consistency, the molecular patterns reported in rodents cannot be treated as established predictors of depression in people.
Where findings converged
Rodent research pointed to changes in DNA methylation involving the Bdnf gene and in microRNAs linked to Bdnf and glucocorticoid pathways. Human studies also examined methylation and microRNAs, but did not identify a consistent stress-related signature.
Screening is still speculative
The review identifies microRNAs carried in extracellular vesicles as a subject for further investigation. The abstract does not report a validated screening test, prediction accuracy, or evidence that measuring these markers improves prevention of depression.
The original publication
Epigenetic mechanisms affected by stress during adolescence and the increased risk for depression later in life: a systematic review.
Poggi G, Treccani G, Genini P et al.
Mol Psychiatry · 2026
- PubMed ID
- 41484246
- Record checked
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